Uninzi lweendleko zenyanga zokuqhuba ikhaya zisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza nokupholisa ikhaya.Indlela esebenzayo yokusombulula le ngxaki kukuqwalasela ukwakha indlu yeemodyuli ezonga amandla ngakumbi kuwe nosapho lwakho.
Ukuba uhlala kwindlu entsha yeemodyuli, ezinye iingcebiso zokonga amandla kusenokwenzeka ukuba ziphunyeziwe.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba indlu yakho indala, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayinazo iinkcukacha ezininzi zokonga umbane.Ke ngoko, nceda ufunde kwaye siya kucacisa yonke imiba ebalulekileyo enxulumene nokuhlala kwindlu enemodyuli eyonga amandla.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukonga amandla?
Injongo yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo kukunciphisa umthamo wamandla afunekayo ukubonelela ngeenkonzo okanye iimveliso ezithile.Ngokubhekiselele kusapho, ukonga amandla yintsapho egqunywe ngokufanelekileyo, esebenzisa amandla amancinci ekufudumezeni nasekupholiseni, kodwa isenokufikelela kubushushu obufunekayo.
Izimvo ngezindlu ezonga umbane:
Abanye abasebenzisi bamandla abalulekileyo yimithombo yokukhanya, izixhobo zombane kunye neebhoyila zamanzi ashushu.Kwizindlu ezonga umbane, ezi zikwaqaphela ukonga amandla ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezikhuthazayo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwikhaya lakho.Okokuqala, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho iimeko zezoqoqosho - ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuya kunciphisa iindleko zamandla, ezinokugcina imali eninzi ngexesha elide.
Enye into ekhuthazayo yinto "eluhlaza", oku kuthetha ukuba ukonga amandla amaninzi ekhaya;Amandla amancinci kufuneka aveliswe ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kwizinto ezingcolisa ezifana nezityalo zombane.Oku kukwayinjongo ye-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe, kukunciphisa imfuno yamandla ehlabathi ngesinye kwisithathu ngowama-2050.
Kufuneka wenze ntoni ukwakha indlu yeemodyuli ezonga amandla?
Ukwakha ngokwenyani indlu yeemodyuli ezonga amandla, zininzi izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele.Okulandelayo siza kubazisa ngokweenkcukacha.
indawo
Indawo apho uya kufaka khona indlu yemodyuli inempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwamandla.Ukuba le ndawo inelanga kakhulu enyakeni, ungayisebenzisa ukunika umdlalo kwiinzuzo zakho kwaye usebenzise amandla asimahla
Ukuba ukhetha indawo eneminye imithombo yobushushu, njengequla elishushu, ungayisebenzisa ukufudumeza ikhaya lakho kunye nokonga amandla.Unokukhetha kwakhona impompo yobushushu yomthombo womhlaba, enokusetyenziswa ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa ikhaya lakho ngokusebenzisa iqondo lobushushu elizinzileyo kumbindi ophantsi komhlaba.
Indawo eluhlaza ngaphandle kwendlu yeemodyuli
Ukuba ikhaya lakho lihlala kwindawo ebandayo kwaye kufuneka ufudumale ikhaya lakho ixesha elide lonyaka, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwisikhokelo sendlu kunye nomoya kunye nomoya ohambahamba kwindawo leyo.
Ngokomzekelo, kulula ukutshisa indlu encinci kwindawo yendalo kunendlu enkulu encotsheni yentaba.Ukongeza, imithi kunye neenduli zinokubonelela ngomthunzi kwaye zide zithintele ukuhamba komoya.
Ulwalathiso lwendlu ngokubhekiselele kwilanga lubaluleke kakhulu.Kwi-hemisphere esenyakatho, izindlu kufuneka zibe neefestile ezijonge ngasezantsi ukwandisa ukukhanya kunye nokushisa kwelanga ukungena kwizakhiwo kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kokufudumala kwelanga;Kwizindlu ezikumzantsi we-hemisphere, ngokuphambene.
Yila
Uyilo lwezindlu zemodyuli zinempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwamandla.Uya kukhetha indawo yokuhlala yemodyuli ngokweemfuno zakho, iminqweno kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uhlale uqwalasela iindleko ezipheleleyo zokugcina indlu kwaye wenze izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuba unamagumbi amancinci aliqela okanye ikhitshi elikhulu elivulekileyo / igumbi lokutyela / igumbi lokuhlala, ungalifudumeza / liphole njani?Okokugqibela, ingqiqo kufuneka iphumelele, kwaye kufuneka ukhethe eyona ndlela yokonga amandla enokufikelela kwiimfuno zakho.
Uyilo olulula oluluhlaza lwemodyuli yasekhaya
Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uphonononge ngononophelo iinketho ezikhoyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uziqonda ngokuchanekileyo.Ukuba unakho ukuyifaka, ubushushu obuphakathi / inkqubo yokupholisa lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokufudumeza okufanelekileyo kunye nokupholisa kwikhaya lakho;Isiseko sesokuba ikhaya lakho linokugquma okwaneleyo.
Inkqubo yokufudumeza esembindini inokunikwa amandla ngombane, igesi okanye iinkuni, kwaye inokudityaniswa kunikezelo lwamanzi ashushu ukuze kungabikho mandla ongezelelweyo afunekayo ukufudumeza amanzi.
ukugquma
Sele sikukhankanyile ukubaluleka kokugquma.Kodwa oku kubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye siya kuchaza ngokubanzi ukubaluleka kokufakelwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokwaneleyo.
Xa uthetha ngezindlu zemodyuli ezigcina amandla, ukugquma okufanelekileyo kuyinkalo ephambili yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwendlu, kuba usebenzisa amandla amaninzi ukutshisa nokupholisa indlu.
Indlu enemodyuli ene-insulation elungileyo
Isixhobo sokufakelwa kwendlu sikwabonelela ngesandi sokuvala isandi, esinokuthi sithintele ingxolo yangaphandle engadingekile ukuba iphazamise ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Unokongeza i-insulation kwimigangatho, ngaphandle kunye neendonga zangaphakathi, iisilingi kunye nophahla.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezikhuselayo, ezifana noboya bamaminerali, uboya beglasi, i-cellulose, uboya belitye, i-polystyrene foam, i-polyurethane foam, i-cork, ikhonkrithi, njl.
Ukusetyenziswa kwabo okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba indlu yakho ine-insulation ye-thermal eyaneleyo yokuqinisekisa ubushushu obukhululekile kunye nobuphakathi kwigumbi ngaphandle kokufaka igalelo elikhulu lamandla ukufudumeza kunye / okanye ukupholisa indawo yakho.
Ezinye izinto ezigqumayo aziboneleli nje kuphela kwi-thermal yodwa kodwa kunye nokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi, oku luncedo kakhulu kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo yimvula enkulu kunye nekhephu.Ukugqunyelelwa ngendlela eyiyo kunokuthintela iimpuku kunye neentubi, njengoko kunzima ukufikelela kwimiqadi yeplanga yesakhelo sendlu ngokusebenzisa amatye ashinyeneyo okanye amagwebu amaminerali.
Iziseko
Ukubeka isiseko sendlu yemodyuli idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwamandla kwendlu.Indlu yeemodyuli yakhiwe kumzi-mveliso ngokwendlela emiselweyo kunye noyilo, kodwa isiseko sakhiwe ngunokontraka.
Isiseko sezindlu zeemodyuli
Xa uqala ukwakha isiseko sendlu entsha yeemodyuli, kufuneka ubambelele kwi-thermal eyaneleyo kunye ne-insulation yamanzi.Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba amanzi kunye neentambo zombane zifakelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zigqunyiwe.
uphahla
Ekubeni uphahla lugubungela yonke indlu, kubalulekile ukuyifaka ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uyigubungele ngezinto ezifanelekileyo kwindawo yakho.Uphahla olumnyama lutsala ubushushu obuninzi, obugqithiselwa kwindawo ephantsi yendlu, yongeza ukushisa okungaphezulu ehlobo.
Ukwakhiwa kophahla lwezindlu zemodyuli
Uphahla olwenziwa ngezinto ezibonisa ukukhanya luyakwazi ukubonisa ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye aluyi kuvumela ubushushu obuninzi bungene endlwini, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe amandla afunekayo ekupholiseni indlu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40%.
Kubalulekile ukongeza i-insulation phantsi kweetayile zephahla, i-shingles, njl., ukwenzela ukuba ufumane enye i-insulation ye-insulation phakathi kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nophahla ukukhusela ukulahleka kobushushu okanye ukwanda.
umthombo wokukhanya
Xa sithetha ngezindlu zemodyuli ezonga amandla, umthombo wokukhanya yenye ingxaki.Ukuba indlu yakho yakhiwe kwindawo epholileyo, kuya kufuneka usebenzise izibane ezenziweyo ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Indlela echanekileyo yeefestile.Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukongeza i-skylights kuya kwandisa ukukhanya kwendalo okungena ekhaya kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yokukhanyisa okwenziweyo.
Isibane sokugcina amandla sasekhaya semodyuli
Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okwenziweyo kuyimfuneko, kodwa enye indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kukutshintsha izibane ze-incandescent ezindala kunye nezibane ezitsha ezidibeneyo ze-fluorescent okanye izibane ezikhokelwayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwezibane ezidibeneyo ze-fluorescent zimbini kwisithathu ngaphantsi kunezibane ze-incandescent, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bumalunga namaxesha amathandathu ubude.Ubume be-LED bubonakala ngakumbi kuba zisebenzisa amandla angaphantsi kwamaxesha alishumi kunezibane ze-incandescent kwaye zinexesha eliphindwe kashumi lobomi benkonzo.
Nangona izibane ezixineneyo zefluorescent kunye nee-LED ekuqaleni zibiza ngaphezulu, zinobulumko kwaye zinokhetho olungabizi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwexesha.
izixhobo zombane zasekhaya
Ukuba injongo yakho kukwakha indlu yeemodyuli ezonga amandla ngakumbi, kufuneka kwakhona unikele ingqalelo kwizixhobo zombane ezifakwe apho.Namhlanje, xa ukhangela izixhobo zombane zosapho lwakho, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokukhetha kuzo kwimarike.Uninzi lwazo lubhalwe ngeempawu zokufakwa kwamandla.
Ikhitshi enezixhobo zokonga umbane
Izixhobo zanamhlanje zisebenzisa amandla amancinci kakhulu kunezo bezisetyenziswe iminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesihlanu.Ukuba ifriji yakho yenziwe ngo-2001 okanye ngaphambili, isebenzisa i-40% yamandla ngaphezu kwefriji entsha eyenziwe ngo-2016. Nceda uqinisekise ukuhlaziya izixhobo zakho rhoqo ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Enye ingxaki lixesha elichithwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zombane.Ukuba usebenzisa i-air conditioner emva kwemini eshushu, iya kudla amandla amaninzi.Ungazomisa iimpahla zakho ngomoya ukunqanda ukusebenzisa isomisi.Ke ngoko, nceda ucwangcise ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zakho ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
iingcango kunye neefestile
Iingcango kunye neefestile zakho zinempembelelo yobuhle kwikhaya lakho.Ukubona ukuba zibonelela ngokukhanya kwendalo kunye nokungenisa umoya kwikhaya lakho, iifestile kufuneka zonge kakhulu amandla ukuthintela ukulahleka kwamandla.Imarike yanamhlanje inikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zoyilo lwefestile, izinto kunye neglasi.
Ikhaya elineefestile ezinkulu
Kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-energy performance rating yeefestile.Ikuxelela zonke iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zeefestile ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha iifestile ezifanelekileyo zendlu yakho.
Ukuba usebenzisa i-passive heater yelanga, kuya kufuneka uqwalasele uyilo olufanelekileyo lwefestile, ukuqhelaniswa kunye nobungakanani beglasi ukunyusa ubushushu ebusika kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu ehlotyeni.Iifestile ezijonge emazantsi kufuneka zibe nkulu ukuze kwandiswe ubushushu kunye nokukhanya okukhulu ebusika, kwaye kufuneka kufakwe ii-overhangs ukuthintela ukukhanya kwelanga ekungeneni endlwini ehlotyeni.
Ukongeza, iifestile ezijonge ngasentla, eMpuma naseNtshona kufuneka zivumele ukukhanya okwaneleyo ukuba kungene endlwini.
Xa ukhetha ifestile yekhaya lakho, kufuneka ucinge ngesakhelo kwaye ubone ubushushu bungena kwaye buphuma kwisakhelo sefestile.Iglasi ibaluleke kakhulu;Olunye lolona yilo ludumileyo namhlanje luyifestile ephindwe kabini yepaneli ye-inflatable apho ipaneli yangaphandle ine-E ephantsi kunye / okanye i-coating control yelanga.
Enye indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwiifestile kukongeza iilouvers ezifanelekileyo, iilouvers kunye / okanye amakhethini kunye namakhethini kwiifestile.
Umnyango wangaphandle wekhaya lakho ubaluleke njengefestile.Kananjalo ziya kwenziwa ngokufanelekileyo, zifakwe kwaye zibonelelwe ngesitywina somoya esilungileyo.Nangona umnyango weplanga uhle kakhulu, kukho ukhetho olungcono kwiimarike.
Ezinye iingcango ezenziwe ngentsimbi egqumayo kunye nefiber yeglasi zinamandla aphezulu kuneengcango zeplanga eziqhelekileyo.Ukhetho oludumileyo lucango lwentsimbi olugcwele i-polyurethane foam, ixabiso layo lokugquma liphindwe kahlanu kunomnyango wokhuni.
Iingcango zeglasi ezikhokelela kwi-terrace kunye ne-balcony nazo zibalulekile.Zihlala zenziwe ngeepaneli zeglasi ezinkulu ukuvumela ubushushu ukuba buphume / bungene ngokukhululekileyo.Ezinye iimodeli zineengqimba ezininzi zeglasi yemitha ephantsi kunye nokugqunyelelwa kwe-thermal ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela ngokugquma kwe-thermal kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Ukucaciswa kwezindlu zeemodyuli zokonga umbane
Zonke ezi zinto zingentla zidlala indima ekudaleni izindlu zeemodyuli ezonga amandla ngokwenene.Baninzi abavelisi bezindlu bemodyuli kwimarike namhlanje, bonke abathi banophuculo lwabo ekusebenzeni kwamandla.
Ukonga amandla kwindawo yokuhlala enemigangatho emibini
Enye yeengenelo zokwakha izindlu zemodyuli kukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ngakumbi kwiimodeli ezintsha.Indlu yemodyuli yakhiwe kwindawo yefektri kwaye inkqubo yokuvelisa ilawulwa.Oku kuvumela ulwakhiwo oluthe kratya olusebenzayo, olukhokelela kwiimveliso ezingcono.
Iindonga zezindlu zemodyuli
Umgangatho, udonga kunye nesilingi zenza umzimba oyintloko wendlu eyimodyuli.Ziyakwazi ukuyilwa kwaye zisetelwe ngokwemigangatho okanye iimfuno zesiko, kodwa amacandelo angaphakathi aphantse afane.Zazakhiwe ngamaplanga ukuze zifumane amathambo aphambili.
Kamva, kongezelelwa iingcango, iifestile nezikroba.Inxalenye phakathi kwe-studs yesakhelo izaliswe ngezinto ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.Uninzi lwezindlu zemodyuli zanamhlanje zinezixhobo zokugquma ilitye okanye iiminerali zoboya, ezinokuthintela ukusasazeka komlilo kwaye zibe nefuthe lokugxotha iimpuku.
Ibhodi yosapho enemodyuli
Udonga lwangaphakathi lukwanazo izinto zangaphakathi zokugquma, ezifana ne-foamed polyurethane foam, ukubonelela ngokugquma kwesandi.Emva kokufakwa kwezinto zangaphakathi zokugquma, iindonga zangaphandle kunye nezangaphakathi zinokugqiba ukugqitywa okufunekayo, njengebhodi ye-gypsum, ipaneli yomthi, udonga lwangaphandle lwamatye, njl.
Iikhonto zeengcango ezifakelweyo kunye neefestile zitywinwe ngesitywina esifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho bushushu bungena okanye buphumayo.Iimodyuli zomntu ngamnye zidityanisiwe ukwenza iyunithi etywiniweyo, inika izisombululo ezininzi zokonga amandla.
Ezinye iimpawu zezindlu zemodyuli zokonga amandla
Abavelisi abaninzi banikezela ukudibanisa kweenkqubo zokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa kwaye babanga ukuphuculwa kwe-30% ekusebenzeni kwamandla.Izixhobo ezitsha zefreyimu yefestile, iipaneli zeglasi ezitshisayo eziphantsi, igumbi lokuhlambela kunye neenkqubo zokungenisa umoya zasekhitshini nazo zasetyenziswa;Zonke ezi zibonelela ngegalelo elithile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla ngokubanzi.
Ukuze ulondoloze amandla kwikhaya lakho, kufuneka ufunde eyona mithombo yokufudumala ezinzileyo.Nokuba indlu yakho ikhuselwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye itywinwe, ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwemithombo yobushushu kunokubangela iingxaki.
Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwesithando somlilo esidala segesi yendalo ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-50%, ngelixa ukusebenza kwemodeli entsha ukuya kwi-95%.Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kunye neendleko zegesi yendalo.
Isitshisi somthi sanamhlanje
Kukwanjalo nakwiziko lokutshisa iinkuni.Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwamandla ngokubanzi kwezindlu zeemodyuli.
Kukho ezinye izinto ezingenako ukutsitywa xa kuphuculwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo, uyilo, ukubekwa kwefestile okufanelekileyo kunye nokugquma konke kunempembelelo kwizindlu zeemodyuli zokonga umbane.
Nangona kunjalo, amanye amanyathelo alungile, kodwa hayi kwangoko.Ezinye zazo kukugquma kwesilingi engaphantsi okanye ukongeza iindawo zokukhwela isiphango.
Ngaba sele unalo ikhaya lemodyuli?Oku kulandelayo yindlela yokonga amandla:
Apha ngasentla sixoxe ngokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ngokubanzi kwaye siqinisekise ukuba ikhaya lakho elitsha lemodyuli liyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokonga amandla.Ngoku, ukuba sele uhlala kwindlu yeemodyuli kwaye ufuna ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, siya kukunika iingcebiso.
Indlu eyimodyuli ene-insulated skirting
Ukuba uceba ukuyihlaziya okanye ukuyihlaziya kakhulu indlu yakho yeemodyuli, unokongeza izibonelelo ezininzi ezinokunceda ukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla, njengale:
Faka iingcango ezintsha zokonga amandla kunye neefestile - ngoko unokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olungcono
Yongeza i-insulation phantsi komgangatho - nangona indlu yakho inokuba ne-insulation engaphantsi komgangatho, kufuneka uyihlaziye ngezinto ezintsha zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle
Faka i-insulation skirts ejikeleze indlu yakho - ukuba indlu yakho yemodyuli iphakanyisiwe, isithuba esingezantsi siya kubonakaliswa ngaphandle, esinokuvumela umoya ukuba ujikeleze, ngaloo ndlela upholisa indlu yakho.Ukufakwa kwe-skirt ye-insulation kunokuthintela ukuhamba komoya kunye nokupholisa phantsi komgangatho.
Yongeza i-insulation efanelekileyo kwiindonga - izindlu ezindala zihlala zine-insulation encinci, ngoko ke ukongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo we-foam enogwebu unokugcwalisa i-void kwaye wenze ukufakelwa okongeziweyo.
I-Insulate uphahla kwaye wenze ukulungiswa okufunekayo - njengeendonga, uphahla lwendlu yemodyuli endala i-insulated kakubi, ngoko unokongeza i-foam ene-foam ngokusebenzisa imingxuma okanye uxovule uphahla kwaye ungeze ukufakwa kwe-insulation, kwaye emva koko ufake i-cover entsha yophahla ukuze uqinisekise. ukuba ufumana ukhuseleko olungcono ukusuka phezulu
Enye into onokuyenza kukongeza amandla ahlaziyekayo kwipropati yakho, njengeempompo ze-geothermal, iibhoyila zelanga okanye ukufakela iinkqubo zombane welanga (PV).
Impompo yobushushu kwizindlu zeemodyuli